What is the best way to handle error in Flutter?

Testing & debugging Handling errors in Flutter

The Flutter framework catches errors that occur during callbacks triggered by the framework itself, including errors encountered during the build, layout, and paint phases. Errors that don’t occur within Flutter’s callbacks can’t be caught by the framework, but you can handle them by setting up an error handler on the PlatformDispatcher,

All errors caught by Flutter are routed to the FlutterError.onError handler. By default, this calls FlutterError.presentError, which dumps the error to the device logs. When running from an IDE, the inspector overrides this behavior so that errors can also be routed to the IDE’s console, allowing you to inspect the objects mentioned in the message.

When an error occurs during the build phase, the ErrorWidget.builder callback is invoked to build the widget that is used instead of the one that failed. By default, in debug mode this shows an error message in red, and in release mode this shows a gray background.

1. When errors occur without a Flutter callback on the call stack, they are handled by the PlatformDispatcher ‘s error callback.
2. By default, this only prints errors and does nothing else.
3. You can customize these behaviors, typically by setting them to values in your void main() function.
4. Below each error type handling is explained.

At the bottom there’s a code snippet which handles all types of errors. Even though you can just copy-paste the snippet, we recommend you to first get acquainted with each of the error types.

How do you pass null parameters in Flutter?

Pass null to named constructer parameter with default value const means that the object’s entire deep state can be determined entirely at compile time and that the object will be frozen and completely immutable. const Map _json = ; means this _json is compile-time constant.

But for _json it doesn’t know what will be the value of it in compile time. It needs to go through the _json Map and find the value, and this will happen while running the code. For this reason _helloWorld can not be a const. But if you do HelloWorld(test: “others”); or use default value HelloWorld(), the _helloWorld can be const type.

void main() ; final _helloWorld = HelloWorld(test: _json); // or can be use String print(_helloWorld.test); const _helloWorld1 = HelloWorld(); print(_helloWorld1.test); const _helloWorld2 = HelloWorld(test: “on _helloWorld2”); print(_helloWorld2.test); } Default value will be available only when you don’t pass any value using test, it will be const _helloWorld1 = HelloWorld();,

1. But for handling null-Value from _json you can use HelloWorld(test: _json ?? “Got Null”);,
2. Passing Got Null because test require a non-nullable String,
3. If you wish to have constructor default value in this case, check _json provide null or not, then assign on _helloWorld,
4. Final _helloWorld = _json == null ? HelloWorld() : HelloWorld(test: _json); I will recommend to learn more it.

Also, you can find on : Pass null to named constructer parameter with default value

How do you make a non-nullable dart?

Null-aware operators – If a variable or expression is nullable, you can use type promotion to access the type’s members. You can also use null-aware operators to handle nullable values. Sometimes the flow of the program tells you that the value of an expression cannot be null,

How do you secure code in Flutter?

1. Use code obfuscation – Hackers can reverse engineer app code. Strings, methods, class names, and API keys can be leaked if hackers launch attacks on the application. Hackers can easily misuse the code if data is stored in plain text. Obfuscation is a process that makes it difficult for hackers to read the code.

How do I turn off null warning in Visual Studio?

Disabling Null Checking Before C# 9 (before 2020), reference types like string could store a null value, and there was no clear way to indicate whether null was an expected option or not. That is, you see a variable whose type is string and you can’t simply know if you should do a null check when using and/or assigning values to the variable. C# 9 introduced the concept of being able to indicate whether null was expected to be a valid option for any given usage. For example, in C# 9, you could configure the project to indicate that the following variable may be null: string ? text = MaybeRealStringMaybeNull (); Meanwhile, this then turns into, “Null is not expected to be a legitimate value here”: string text = DefinitelyARealString (); In the first case, you should do a null check before using the contents of the variable. In the second one, you should do a null check when assigning it any value that might possibly be null. By turning this feature on, the compiler will help you check for null at the right times, which can save you from all sorts of null reference exceptions that would otherwise crash your program. This feature was available but off by default in C# 9 (see for how to enable this in C# 9 projects). In C# 10 and Visual Studio 2022, new projects are created with this feature turned on. I strongly recommend leaving it on. It is a great feature, and a huge time saver, allowing you to notice null reference bugs as you type the code instead of months later when it is running in production with real users. Still, you may find yourself wanting to turn it off. This is not hard to do. In Visual Studio, right-click on your project in the Solution Explorer and go to Properties. This will open up the project’s properties, so you can edit them. Under Build > General, scroll down to find the property labeled Nullable and change it from Enable to Disable, and the compiler will stop giving you warnings, putting you back into a pre-C# 9 state. If you’re not using Visual Studio, it is also very easy to just open the,csproj file in a text editor: Exe net6.0 enable enable Find the line containing enable and either change it to be disable or remove it entirely, and you’ll achieve the same effect. : Disabling Null Checking

What is the most common error in Flutter?

‘setState called during build’ – The build method in your Flutter code isn’t a good place to call setState, either directly or indirectly. What does the error look like? When the error occurs, the following message is displayed in the console: The following assertion was thrown building DialogPage(dirty, dependencies: ], state: _DialogPageState#f121e): setState() or markNeedsBuild() called during build. This Overlay widget cannot be marked as needing to build because the framework is already in the process of building widgets. (Additional lines of this message omitted) How might you run into the error? In general, this error occurs when the setState method is called within the build method. A common scenario where this error occurs is when attempting to trigger a Dialog from within the build method. This is often motivated by the need to immediately show information to the user, but setState should never be called from a build method. The following snippet seems to be a common culprit of this error: Widget build(BuildContext context) ); return const Center( child: Column( children:, ), ); } This code doesn’t make an explicit call to setState, but it’s called by showDialog, The build method isn’t the right place to call showDialog because build can be called by the framework for every frame, for example, during an animation. How to fix it? One way to avoid this error is to use the Navigator API to trigger the dialog as a route. In the following example, there are two pages. The second page has a dialog to be displayed upon entry. When the user requests the second page by clicking a button on the first page, the Navigator pushes two routes–one for the second page and another for the dialog. class FirstScreen extends StatelessWidget ); @override Widget build(BuildContext context), ), ), ); } } This error can occur when multiple scrolling widgets (such as ListView ) appear on the screen at the same time. It’s more likely for this error to occur on a web or desktop app, than a mobile app since it’s rare to encounter this scenario on mobile. For more information and to learn how to fix, check out the following video on `”> PrimaryScrollController :

How do I rebuild apps in Flutter?

Updating the orders – To update an order, we will be updating an order’s quantity, which will also update its price. There will be two instances here: increment and decrement. Inside the rendering class, create a void function that increments the quantity of order: void incrementQuantity(Order order) Similarly, create a void function that decrements the quantity of order: void decrementQuantity(Order order) } Append the function to the onPressed event handler respectively: return ListTile( title: Text(order.name), subtitle: Text(‘USD $ ‘), trailing: Row( mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min, children:, ), ); Reload your development server and test out the functionality.

On pressing the + and – icons, you will notice that the quantity does not change, nor does the price. This is because we are not updating the current state of the application that is holding the data. Updating the state will force a ListTile widget to rebuild and display the new quantity and price. Flutter gives you access to setState(),

In this case, we have to ensure setState() has the new values. When setState() is called, Flutter will know to get these new values and mark the widget that needs to be rebuilt. To ensure we are updating the state, we will make the following changes to the increment and the decrement functions: void incrementQuantity(Order order) ); } void decrementQuantity(Order order) ); } } This ensures that everything inside the setState() method is going to be compared against the older values. Let’s set a stateful widget and see how we can use keys to rebuild a widget. At times, Flutter setState() can be called, but will fail to display the changes on the screen. In this case, the internal state of a widget is already changed. This means the new state is preserved and can be accessed.

The state of a Flutter widget is stateful. When a new value is generated, a new widget is generated within the widget tree. This way, every newly generated widget generates a new key. Because its state is already preserved, we can use a key to access the new widget and force a rebuild to display the new state on the screen.

Flutter UI uses different keys such as unique key, value key, and object key. Let’s see how we can use them in Flutter and force a widget to rebuild. We will need to do the following modifications to use keys on our existing application. Separate the existing ListTile widget that is rendering every order to be a stateful widget like so: class OrderCard extends StatefulWidget class OrderCardState extends State void incrementQuantity(Order order) ); } void decrementQuantity(Order order) ); } } @override Widget build(BuildContext context) ‘), trailing: Row(mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min, children: ) ]), ); } } When you want to pass data from the parent to the child widget, set up a build method to compare the previous (parent) and new widget (child) being returned.

1. An important part here is how we update these new quantity and price values.
2. When you run the application, the setState() will fail to rebuild the widget.
3. In this example, the initState() is called only once.
4. This means the results of clicking + or – icons won’t get displayed on the screen.
5. However, this clicking will always execute the setState() and pass the new value to the widget tree.

The results are not displayed, but calling setState() has already triggered the change. The new state is preserved and can be accessed with the key that every new widget generates.

How do I enable non nullable feature in Flutter?

Starting from Dart SDK 2.12, Flutter apps automatically opt-in for null safety in Dart code. TestFairy Flutter plugin is developed to support this shift. However not all apps are ready to make the transition to null-safe Dart. When you compile your app, if your errors look similar to this, it means your app has null-safe code mixed with the old Dart type system.

1. Error: This requires the null safety language feature, which is experimental.
2. You can enable the experiment using the ‘-enable-experiment=non-nullable’ command line option.
3. To be able to utilize these new features, apps can either migrate to null-safe Dart or run in mixed mode,
4. Due to the nature of how null-safety implemented and what kind of guarentees it allows during compile time checks, this type of mixed mode programs require extra attention to build.

We advocate for the full migration in general but if that is not possible, here is a few steps to get started with null safety.

Use latest Flutter and Dart SDK.

# pubspec.yaml environment: sdk: ‘>=2.12.0 =1.22.0″

Run dart pub get to update dependencies. You’ll start seeing lots of Dart analysis errors, that’s alright. Add // @dart=2.9 to beginning of every file that is still using the old Dart to let the compiler know which files should skip compile time checks for null safety.

If you are still having analysis error, it means some of your dependencies doesn’t have the // @dart=2.9 annotation properly placed in their source code. Try checking if those libraries has null-safe (named usually as libname-nullsafe ) versions in pub, Last updated on 2023-06-06

How do you secure code in Flutter?

1. Use code obfuscation – Hackers can reverse engineer app code. Strings, methods, class names, and API keys can be leaked if hackers launch attacks on the application. Hackers can easily misuse the code if data is stored in plain text. Obfuscation is a process that makes it difficult for hackers to read the code.

Jack Gloop