What is a Job Safety Analysis? – Back to top A job safety analysis (JSA) is a procedure which helps integrate accepted safety and health principles and practices into a particular task or job operation. In a JSA, each basic step of the job is to identify potential hazards and to recommend the safest way to do the job.

1. Other terms used to describe this procedure are job hazard analysis (JHA) and job hazard breakdown.
2. Some individuals prefer to expand the analysis into all aspects of the job, not just safety.
3. This approach is known as total job analysis.
4. Methodology is based on the idea that safety is an integral part of every job and not a separate entity.

In this document, only health and safety aspects will be considered. The terms “job” and “task” are commonly used interchangeably to mean a specific work assignment, such as “operating a grinder,” “using a pressurized water extinguisher,” or “changing a flat tire.” JSAs are not suitable for jobs defined too broadly, for example, “overhauling an engine”; or too narrowly, for example, “positioning car jack.”

What is the job safety analysis standard?

Job safety analysis (JSA) defines and controls the hazards of processes, jobs, and procedures. JSAs are systematic examinations and documentation of every task within jobs to identify hazards and how to control tasks.

What are the main components of a JSA?

What Are the Three Main Components of a JSA? – A JSA follows the recommended approach for managing workplace health and safety risks. It should include a thorough description of the job task, including each step involved in the task. The analysis also includes a list of every known hazard and risk. The third component is a set of procedures designed to address identified hazards and risks.

What is job safety analysis hazards?

The Job Hazard Analysis tool is used to identify how to perform task step-by-step, any hazards associated with the task and controls to mitigate the hazards. List of Documents and Appendices

• Printable Job Hazard Analysis Procedure
• Appendix A – Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) Form
• Appendix B – Common Hazards and Descriptions
• Appendix C – Hazard Control Measures
• Appendix D – Job Hazard Analysis PowerPoint Training Document
• Appendix E – Job Hazard Analysis Examples

Purpose A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is an analysis of the hazards and risk associated which focus on identifying and controlling hazards. Utilizing the JHA will provide a process for analyzing the work activities that will identify the tools, materials and equipment needed to develop work methods and procedures for accomplishing the task.

1. Controls : This is how to eliminate or minimize the hazards. There are three types of controls
   1. Engineering controls eliminate or reduce exposure to a chemical or physical hazard through the use or substitution of engineered machinery or equipment. This is the preferred control
   2. Administrative controls are changes in work procedures such as written safety policies, rules, supervision, schedules, and training with the goal of reducing the duration, frequency, and severity of exposure to hazardous chemicals or situations.
   3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as “PPE”, is equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses.

1. Exposure – When an employee enters a “danger zone” by virtue of their proximity to the hazard
2. Hazard – An unsafe condition or practice that could cause injury, illness, or property damage and is preventable. Examples of hazards include: working at heights, slippery surfaces, exposed moving machinery parts, fire, explosion, noise, electricity, toxic emission, corrosive chemicals, low oxygen, repetitive tasks, heavy lifting, infectious Bloodborne pathogens, assault
3. Job Hazard Analysis – A process that focus on job task as a way to identify hazards before they result in injury. It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools and equipment, and the environment and identifies control to reduce or eliminate the hazard.
4. Task – Any activity (mental or physical or both) that has been assigned to an employee as a responsibility and carries with it both positive and/or negative consequences based on the performance of that job.

Steps To An Effective JHA (See Appendix A Job Hazard Analysis Form)

1. Define the scope or the work to be analyzed and watch the work being done.
   1. Involve the employee performing the work
2. Break the job down into small tasks or steps.
   1. Each task or step should be written on the worksheet one by one. Avoid creating steps that are too small, as the analysis may become too long and cumbersome.
   2. Watch the employee performing the work
   3. Ask other employees who have performed the task what are the steps to perform the work
3. In the Hazard column identify and write down the hazards associated with each task. See Appendix B Common Hazards and Descriptions for types of hazards. Consider every possible thing that could go wrong. Questions you can ask are:
   1. What could go wrong?
   2. What could cause things to go wrong?
   3. What other factors could contribute to an incident or injury to the worker?
   4. How could equipment be damaged?
4. Next the Control Measure should be developed (See Appendix C Hazard Control Measures). Write down all the possible controls for each of the hazards identified in each of the task. There may be several controls that can be used for each hazard. This may include procedures, practices, and personal protective equipment (PPE)
   1. Controls include and should be implemented in the following sequence:
      1. Engineering – eliminate of the hazard or reduced exposure to the hazard.
      2. Administrative – Reducing the exposure by changing conditions or the way that the work is done.
      3. Personal Protective Equipment – When exposure to hazards cannot be engineered completely out and administrative control cannot provide sufficient additional protection. PPE is the last line of defense.

1. After finishing listing the tasks, hazards and controls, write down any training that is required to address the hazards, operate equipment or needed to perform the task.
2. Write down the types of Personal Protective (PPE) that may have to be used to control the hazards.
3. Review JHA with employees performing the work.
4. The JHA can always be reviewed and upgraded when new information is needed to be added.

Training

1. See Appendix D JHA Training PowerPoint Presentation
2. Face-To-Face training can be obtained by contacting EHS
   1. Phone: 919.515.7915
   2. Email: [email protected]

How many steps are there in JSA?

Key Steps: The Job Safety Analysis consists of the following 6 steps : Step 1: Describe the job and the sequence of job steps Step 2: Identification of the potential hazards of each step Step 3: Determine who and/or what is at potential risk Step 4: Description of the recommended safe job procedure Step 5:

What is the third stage of JSA process?

A 6-Step Approach To Risk Management and Job Safety Analysis – Although perfection is desirable, it is impractical. Therefore even the most dedicated approach to risk management is not always reliable. According to the WorkSafe ACT, WSACT HB 0002, an effective 6-step safety analysis process seeks to reduce the possibilities and/or the subsequent consequences of a specific risk down a level that safety agents are prepared to count acceptable.1) Specify Which Task To Analyze Although efficient risk management requires that each task be fully analyzed, the process must have a starting point.

Excessive illness and/or injury rates High-risk potential Most susceptible to human error with severe consequences Newly implemented, undergoing change or recently extended in process Extremely complex in procedures.

2) Identify The Hazards To identify hazards, safety managers must determine what dangers are associated with a given task, job or procedure. Tips for beginning include:

Study existing information on the given task Review, when applicable, manufacturers instructions and data sheets Examine past accident and health reports Visit the site of the task Walk around, look and examine Seek worker feedback.

3) Determine the Associated Risk Factor Hazards are the factors that can contribute to accident or incident. Risk factors are the health and safety issues that can result as a consequence of the hazards. Every hazard can be associated to one or more risk factors.4) Evaluate the Likelihood of Injury Once hazards and the associated risk factors are identified and defined, you must assess what are the real probabilities of injury or sickness.

The low to extreme possible injury and/or illness associated with the hazard AND The practical probability that such injury and/or illness will actually occur.

Finish by assigning and documenting to each hazard a matrix wherein risk factors are designated as critical, high, moderate, low and very low.5) Establish and Document a Control Plan Create comprehensive documentation on every hazard and risk factor.

How to eliminate the hazard When to isolate the area Order of action for immediate cessation of related work activities The expected response from nearby work activities Rapid notification of safety resource personnel AND More.

6) Create a Reliable Process For Risk Management Monitor and Review All safety analysis processes must be routinely monitored and reviewed. Employees change. Processes change. New materials come into play. Documentation falls behind. And then the accidents begin Unless you maintain a reliable documentation system of tracking, reporting, updating, training and reviewing.

What is safety analysis in ISO 26262?

How is ISO 26262 Different From Other Automotive Standards? – ISO 26262 is an international functional safety standard for the development of electrical and electronic systems in road vehicles. It defines guidelines to minimize the risk of accidents and ensure that automotive components perform their intended functions correctly and at the right time.

• It also provides an automotive-specific approach for determining risk classes known as ASILs.
• AEC-Q100 is a standard that ensures the safety of electronic parts used in cars.
• It’s used by the car industry to check and test these parts.
• It focuses on reliability, specifically stress testing for integrated circuits in automotive applications.

ISO 26262 is a similar standard but for the whole process of making electronic systems in cars. AEC-Q100 focuses on testing individual parts, while ISO 26262 covers the entire process. The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) is a professional organization that works to improve transportation technology.

They create guidelines for car, airplane, and truck industries. They also define best practices for cybersecurity in SAE J3061, vehicle autonomy levels, and more recently automotive testing standards. ISO 26262 is just one specific rule for car electronic systems safety, whereas SAE creates many guidelines for transportation technology.

MISRA (Motor Industry Reliability Association) is a set of guidelines for safe and reliable use of C programming language in automotive embedded systems. These guidelines were developed by the Motor Industry Research Association in the UK. They focus on providing guidelines for safe and reliable coding practices in the automotive industry, whereas ISO 26262 provides a comprehensive approach for the functional safety of the whole system.

• Planning. In this phase, the safety requirements for the system are defined, and a safety plan is developed.
• Analysis. In this phase, the system is analyzed to identify hazards and potential failure modes.
• Design and Implementation. In this phase, the system is designed and implemented to meet the safety requirements defined in the planning phase and to eliminate or mitigate the hazards identified in the analysis phase.
• Verification. In this phase, the system is tested to ensure that it meets the safety requirements and that any hazards have been eliminated or mitigated.
• Validation. In this phase, the system is tested in its intended environment to ensure that it behaves as expected.

Production, Operation and Decommissioning. In this phase, the safety requirements are maintained and the system is decommissioned.

ISO 26262 also specifies the documentation that must be produced and the tools that can be used at each phase of the safety life cycle.

Is a JSA the same as a sop?

General – Job Safety Analysis (JSA’s) is a process of determining physical requirements, environmental conditions and safety factors relating to a specific job or task. JSA’s are best used for stationary or repetitive production tasks or product movement, in which the job, equipment and work environment change very little.

Safe Operating Procedures (SOP’s) are written step-by-step procedures for a specific non-repetitive task which may be hazardous or critical. The purpose of an SOP is to provide written guidance for a particular task such that any qualified person can successfully and safely complete the task. SOP’s are best developed and used for highly skilled jobs and when the equipment and work environment change often.

For example, an SOP with appropriate warnings and cautions, would best be developed and used for tasks such as confined space entry, maintenance tasks, lockout-tagout, welding operations, system startup and shutdown. JSA’s/SOP’s provide • PPE determination process • Resource for supervisors to train new employees • Control of job steps • Identification and control of potential hazards • Benchmark for accident investigation• Review of employee performance

What is OSHA standard hazard analysis?

In a JSA, each basic step of the job is analyzed to identify potential hazards and to recommend the safest way to do the job. Other terms used to describe this procedure are job hazard analysis (JHA) and job hazard breakdown. Ultimately, a JSA should be conducted on all work processes.

Jack Gloop