What did Dr Sadao do to ensure the safe exit of the American soldiers?

Short Answer Type Questions (3-4 Marks) – Question 1. Why did the General spare the American soldier? (All India 2009) Answer: The General had his own selfish interest in sparing the American soldier. He knew Dr. Sadao was indispensable to him and did not want him to be arrested.

He did not trust other surgeons. In his capacity as a General he should have had the American soldier arrested but he refrained from it in his personal self-interest. Question 2. Why was Dr. Sadao not sent to the battlefield? (All India 2009) Answer: Dr. Sadao was a skilled and reputed surgeon who was in the process of perfecting an invention of rendering wounds totally clean.

Moreover, he was treating the old General who could need an operation. So he was not sent to the battlefield as his valuable services could be needed at any time in his hometown. Question 3. Why did the messenger come to Dr. Sadao? What did Hana think about it? (All India 2010) Answer: The uniformed messenger comes to Dr.

Sadao to inform him that the old General was in pain again. Hana felt relieved to hear that the messenger had come only to inform Dr. Sadao about the General’s ill-health. She had earlier feared that the servants had informed the police who had sent the man in the uniform to their house. Question 4. What forced Dr.

Sadao to be impatient and irritated with his patient? (All India 2010) Answer: His patient was badly wounded and this was a cause of worry, concern and vexation for Dr. Sadao. Saving him was a challenge for his skills as a doctor and harbouring him in his house could lead to Dr.

• Sadao’s arrest and his treatment was the ultimate test of the doctor’s patience.
• Question 5.
• In what context does Hana remember General Takima? What does she infer? (All India 2010) Answer: Hana remembers General Takima who at home used to beat his wife cruelly though no one now mentioned it ever since he had fought a victorious battle in Manchuria.

She inferred that if a man like him could be so cruel to a woman in his power, he would be extremely cruel to the wounded American soldier. Question 6. How did Hana help Dr. Sadao while he operated upon the enemy soldier? (Comptt. Delhi 2010) Answer: First Hana washes the wounded man’s face and body with warm water till it was quite clean.

• She then assists Dr.
• Sadao during the operation even though she has never even witnessed an operation before.
• She brings in the towels and though she is not comfortable at the sight of the bleeding wound she gives anaesthesia to the patient.
• Question 7.
• What was the old gardener’s reaction when Dr.
• Sadao gave shelter to the enemy soldier? (Comptt.

All India 2010) Answer: Like all the servants the gardener did not like Sadao’s efforts to save a wounded American soldier. He felt it was unpatriotic to give shelter to a prisoner of war. He felt if his master healed what first the gun and then the sea did, they would be avenged.

Question 8. How did Dr. Sadao ensure that the American sailor left his house but he himself remained safe and secure? (Delhi 2011) Answer: Dr. Sadao offered his personal boat with food and extra clothing to the American soldier when he left his house. He then advised the soldier to go to a nearby island where no one lived and escape from there by boarding a Korean fishing boat.

Dr. Sadao then informed the General that the soldier had escaped. Question 9. Why did Hana wash the wounded soldier herself? (Delhi 2011) Answer: Hana had to wash the wounded soldier herself because Yumi, the maid, refused to wash a ‘dirty white man’. Moreover Hana felt necessary to help her husband.

Her qualities of head and heart enable her to take a balanced view about the wounded soldier, even though he was an American. Question 10. How does the writer indicate that Dr. Sadao’s father was a very traditional and conventional man? (Delhi 2011) Answer: Though Dr. Sadao and Hana had fallen in love in America, he got married to her only after his father approved of her.

His father always wanted Sadao to get married to a girl who was pure in her race. Dr. Sadao’s marriage to Hana was arranged by his father in the old Japanese way indicating that he was a traditional and conventional man. Question 11. How did Dr. Sadao plan the American prisoner’s escape? (Comptt.

Delhi 2011) Answer: Dr. Sadao made elaborate arrangements for the prisoner’s safe escape. The prisoner was made to row to a nearby island where no one lived. All the necessary things were given to him. He was told to signal two flashes if he ran out of food. When Dr. Sadao received no signal, he was convinced the prisoner had escaped safely.

Question 12. Did Hana think the Japanese tortured their prisoners of war? Why? (Delhi 2012) Answer: When Hana noticed the deep red scars on the American soldier’s neck, she worriedly hoped that he had not been tortured by the Japanese. She knew it was a common practice for the Japanese to torture their prisoners of war in the most brutal manner.

Question 13. Why had Hana to wash the wounded man herself? (Delhi 2012) Answer: Hana had to wash the wounded soldier herself because Yumi, the maid, refused to wash a ‘dirty white man’. Moreover Hana felt necessary to help her husband. Her qualities of head and heart enable her to take a balanced view about the wounded soldier, even though he was an American.

Question 14. What help did Dr. Sadao seek from Hana while operating on the wounded white man? (Delhi 2012) Answer: Dr. Sadao sought Hana’s help while operating on the wounded white man. She assisted Dr. Sadao during the operation even though she had never even witnessed an operation before.

She brought in the towels and though she was not comfortable at the sight of the bleeding wound she gave anaesthesia to the patient. Question 15. Who sent a messenger to Dr. Sadao? What for? (Comptt. All India 2012) Answer: The old General sent a messenger to Dr. Sadao to inform him the General was in pain again and needed Dr.

Sadao’s immediate attention. The General preferred to be treated by Dr. Sadao who had the reputation of being thoroughly professional in his job. Question 16. What forced Dr. Sadao to be impatient and irritable with his patient? (All India 2013) Answer: Hana had never seen an operation and the sight of Dr.

Sadao operating on the soldier made her sick and she rushed out to the garden to retch. Dr. Sadao knew how distressed Hana was and his inability to go to her made him impatient and irritable with his patient because of whom he could not be with his wife. Question 17. In what context does Hana remember the cruel nature of General Takima? (All India 2013) Answer: Hana remembers General Takima who at home used to beat his wife cruelly though no one now mentioned it ever since he had fought a victorious battle in Manchuria.

She inferred that if a man like him could be so cruel to a woman in his power, he would be extremely cruel to the wounded American soldier. Question 18. What made a cool surgeon like Sadao speak sharply to his wife and what was her reaction? (All India 2013) Answer: While Sadao was operating on the American soldier, Hana, his wife choked on seeing so much blood.

Dr. Sadao looked up and saw her sulphur coloured face. At that moment he retorted sharply to his wife telling her not to faint. Hana clapped her hands to her mouth and ran out of the garden to retch. Question 19. How nearly had Dr. Sadao missed marrying Hana? (Comptt. Delhi 2013) Answer: Dr. Sadao had met Hana literally by chance at an American professor’s house.

He actually did not want to go there as the rooms of the house were small, the food was bad and the professor’s wife was rather voluble. But nevertheless he had gone and there he had found Hana. Question 20. In what condition was the American sailor when Dr.

• Sadao found him?(Comptt.
• All India 2013) Answer: When Dr.
• Sadao found the American sailor the latter was badly wounded and unconscious.
• Blood was flowing freshly when Dr.
• Sadao touched his wound.
• On the right side of the sailor’s lower back Dr.
• Sadao saw that the gun wound had reopened and the flesh was blackened with powder.

Question 21. Do you think Dr. Sadao’s final decision was the best possible one in the circumstances? Why/Why not? Explain with reference to the story, ‘The Enemy’. (Delhi 2013) Answer: Dr. Sadao rose above narrow prejudices of race and country and not only saved the young American soldier from dying, but also helped him to escape.

Basic human goodness overpowered Dr. Sadao and the final decision that he took was indeed the best possible one in the circumstances. He could not hand over a dying man, even if he was an enemy, to the police. The ethics of his profession had taught him to save a dying man. His essential love for humanity and his sincerity towards his duty as a doctor transcend all other narrow considerations.

As a doctor, it was his duty to save a dying man and so he put aside all other options and respected the ideals and principles of his profession. Question 22. Why did Dr. Sadao treat the American soldier even though it was an unpatriotic act on his part? (Comptt.

• All India 2014) Answer: Dr.
• Sadao rose above narrow prejudices of race and country and treated the wounded American soldier.
• Basic human goodness overpowers him and he treats the American soldier.
• Being a doctor, it was his duty to save a dying man even though he belonged to the enemy’s camp.
• Question 23.

Why did the General not order immediate arrest of Dr. Sadao who had sheltered a white man? (Comptt. All India 2014) Answer: After knowing that Dr. Sadao had operated on the white man with such success, the General realized how indispensable Dr. Sadao was to him.

1. He was the only one who could save him.
2. So he could not let Dr.
3. Sadao be arrested lest he required Dr.
4. Sadao’s medical expertise to save his own life.
5. Question 24.
6. How did Hana help Dr.
7. Sadao? (Comptt.
8. All India 2014) Answer: First Hana washes the wounded man’s face and body with warm water till it was quite clean.

She then assists Dr. Sadao during the operation even though she has never even witnessed an operation before. She brings in the towels and though she is not comfortable at the sight of the bleeding wound she gives anaesthesia to the patient. Question 25.

In what condition did Dr. Sadao find the American soldier at the seashore? (All India 2015) Answer: When Dr. Sadao first saw the American soldier at the sea shore, he was crawling on his hands and knees and then he fell on his face. He was badly wounded and lay motionless. Blood flowed freshly when Dr. Sadao touched his wound and the man moaned in pain.

Question 26. What role did the American professor play in bringing Hana and Sadao together? (All India 2015) Answer: The American professor and his wife had been kind people who were anxious to do something for their few foreign students and the students, though bored, accepted this kindness.

1. It was at the professor’s house that Dr.
2. Sadao had met Hana, a new student, and had felt that he would love her if it were at all possible.
3. Question 27.
4. What was Sadao’s father’s dream for him? How did Sadao realise it? (All India 2015) Answer: Dr.
5. Sadao’s father had spent infinite pains on his only son and his education had been his father’s chief concern.

He had sent Dr. Sadao at the age of 22 to America to learn all that could be learned of surgery and medicine. Before his father’s death, Dr. Sadao ensured that he saw him not only as a surgeon but also as a scientist. Question 28. Dr. Sadao was a patriotic Japanese as well as a dedicated surgeon.

• How could he honour both the values? (Delhi 2015) Answer: Dr.
• Sadao was indeed a patriotic Japanese as well as a dedicated surgeon.
• An American run away prisoner in a badly wounded condition is washed ashore on Japanese doctor Sadao’s doorstep.
• The doctor is initially a little hesitant to save the prisoner’s life when he discovers the latter’s real identity.

But being a dedicated surgeon he decides to treat the enemy soldier. He is able to save the prisoner’s life but being a patriotic Japanese he informs a superior Japanese Army General about the prisoner’s presence in his house and even agrees to have him killed by the General’s assassins.

He waits for the assassins to carry out their job but when they do not arrive, he gives the prisoner his boat and helps him to escape safely thus honouring both the values that he was a patriotic Japanese as well as a dedicated surgeon. Question 29. Dr. Sadao faced a dilemma. Should he use his surgical skills to save the life of a wounded person or hand an escaped American P.O.W.

over to the Japanese police? How did he re-solve this clash of values? (All India 2015) Answer: Dr. Sadao gives priority to his professional ethics over his patriotism and uses his surgical skills to save the life of a wounded man even though he belonged to the enemy’s camp.

1. He rises above narrow prejudices and realizes his duty as a doctor.
2. The surgeon in him instinctively inspires him to operate upon the dying soldier and save his life.
3. But he is also a responsible and patriotic citizen of his country so he decides to inform a senior Japanese Army General about the prisoner’s presence in his house and even agrees to have him killed by the General’s assassins.

He even spends three restless nights waiting for the assassins to carry out their job. But the assassins did not arrive. In this way, Dr. Sadao is able to resolve the clash of his values and appease his conscience of having done his duty as a responsible citizen of his country.

Question 30. How did the arrival of the prisoner destroy the peace of Sadao’s home? (Comptt. Delhi 2015) Answer: The arrival of the prisoner does destroy the peace of Sadao’s home. At the onset Dr. Sadao and his wife are anxious and confused whether they should save the wounded soldier who they know is an American.

The servants in Dr. Sadao’s house are against his decision of harbouring a soldier from the enemy’s camp. Yumi refuses to wash the American soldier as he was a white man. The cook and gardener criticise Dr. Sadao and threaten to leave the house. Finally all the servants leave Dr.

1. Sadao’s home and Hana, Dr.
2. Sadao’s wife stands by him but is in constant terror.
3. The messenger from the General frightens Hana.
4. She fears her husband will be condemned as a traitor. Dr.
5. Sadao himself is in a dilemma.
6. Being a patriotic Japanese citizen he doubts the rightness of his act.
7. It is only after the prisoner leaves that things start getting normal in Dr.

Sadao’s house. Question 31. What was his father’s chief concern about Dr. Sadao? (Delhi 2016) Answer: Sadao’s education was his father’s chief concern. For this reason he had sent Sadao to America to learn all that could be learned about surgery and medicine.

• Before his death he had seen Sadao become famous not only as a surgeon but as a scientist.
• Question 32.
• Why was Dr.
• Sadao not sent abroad along with the troops? (Delhi 2016) Answer: Dr.
• Sadao was firstly perfecting a discovery which would render wounds entirely clean, so he had not been sent abroad with the troops.

Moreover, there was a possibility that the old General might need an operation, and for this Dr. Sadao was being kept in Japan. Question 33. Where, when and how did Dr. Sadao meet Hana? (Delhi 2016) Answer: Dr. Sadao met Hana in America. He met her in the most casual way, literally by chance, at an American professor’s house.

1. The hospitable Professor Harley and his wife were anxious to do something for the foreign students and thus had invited them over. Dr.
2. Sadao had actually nearly decided not to go to Professor Harley’s house that night because of the bad food and the professor’s voluble wife, but finally he had gone and there he had met Hana.

Question 34. Where and how did Sadao meet Hana in America? (Comptt. Delhi 2016) Answer: Dr. Sadao met Hana in America. He met her in the most casual way, literally by chance, at an American professor’s house. The hospitable Professor Harley and his wife were anxious to do something for the foreign students and thus had invited them over.

1. Dr. Sadao had actually nearly decided not to go to Professor Harley’s house that night because of the bad food and the professor’s voluble wife, but finally he had gone and there he had met Hana.
2. Question 35.
3. What did Dr.
4. Sadao understand more about the wound on peering into it? (Comptt.
5. All India 2016) Answer: After peering into the American soldier’s wound Dr.

Sadao understood that he had been shot some days ago and had not been tended to. The bullets were still there in his body, though they had not reached the kidney. Question 36. What dilemma did Dr. Sadao face? (Comptt. Delhi 2017) Answer: Dr. Sadao finds an unconscious wounded white soldier on a lonely coast near his house.

Since Japan was at war with America Dr. Sadao faces a dilemma between national loyalty and his duty as a doctor. He is confused as to whether he should hand over the enemy to the Japanese authorities, or being a doctor do his foremost duty and attend to a wounded man and save his life. Question 37. Why did Dr.

Sadao’s servants leave his service? (Comptt. Delhi 2017) Answer: Japan was at war with America. Dr. Sadao was nursing a wounded American soldier. The servants did not approve of Dr. Sadao’s generosity who was trying to give an American a new lease of life.

Why did Dr Sadao save the American?

Solution: Dr. Sadao treated American prisoners of war because he was trained to save lives as a doctor. Even though he was an enemy of the country, he could not let the wounded die.

What would happen if Dr Sadao sheltered an American soldier in the house?

Japan was at war with America and so he was their enemy. Dr Sadao and Hana were in a fix. If they sheltered a white man in their house, they could be arrested. If they handed him over to the police, he would certainly die.

How were the Americans according to Sadao?

Free Ncert Solutions for 12th Class English The Enemy – Studyadda.com

Answer: Sadao had grown up believing that the Japanese were a superior race. He also disliked Americans as his own experience in America had not been pleasant. He had faced racial bias. He thought Americans were full of prejudice. Despite this, he couldn’t let the young American soldier bleed to death. During the operation he called Tom ‘my friend’, While his logical and reasoning mind revolted against it, his inherent humanity came to the forefront The reason was simple: love and compassion are the basis of our consciousness, we thrive when we let them come to the forefront. There is within each of us a potential for goodness beyond our imagining.

What did Sadao tell the American soldier before he left?

So Sadao wanted the soldier to go away. He fixed up a boat with food, water and other supplies. He told the soldier to take that boat and go to a nearby island, where the soldier could escape on a boat that came by. The soldier agreed and went away.

How was the plan of the prisoners escape executed?

How was the plan of the prisoner’s escape executed in the story? The prisoner was successful in his escape only because of the right guidance and help from Dr. Sadao. He provided him his boat, gave his food, made him wear Japanese cloths and also helped him in comfortable sail to a nearby island.

Why did the general spare the American soldier?

He promised to get the soldier killed secretly but he failed in his promise. He could not take any action due to seriousness of his illness and forget all about him. Thus the General spared the life of the American soldier.

Why did Dr Sadao help in the escape of the American soldier was it an act of treachery?

The Enemy Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type – Question 1. Why didn’t Sadao want to know anything about the white man? Answer: He didn’t want to know any details about the white man because he didn’t want to become emotionally involved with him. The less he knew about the white man, the better it would have been for both, him and the white man. Question 2. How is Hana’s perspective about the white man different from Yumi’s perspective? Answer: Hana sees the white man as a person who is in need of help and not as a nameless enemy who should be killed, as per Yumi. This point is central to the story because it talks about how all people are similar and that they should all be treated in a humane and respectful way. Question 3. The theme of racism is reflected in the story. Give examples. Answer: The theme of racism is reflected in the story in several ways: Because of the stress of Sadao’s father on ‘purity of race’ and traditionalism, Sadao didn’t start a relationship with Hana until he was sure that she “had been pure in her race”.

Yumi refused to touch the American or wash him before the operation. Moreover, when he left, she “cleaned the guest room thoroughly to get the white man’s smell out of it.” Sadao has strong feelings against white people. Both Sadao and Hana felt that Americans were racists. Question 4. What did Dr Sadao do to help Tom escape to freedom? Answer: Dr Sadao knew that the wounded American sailor, Tom could be arrested any time.

So he decided to help him in escaping. He decided to give his private boat with food and clothes in it. He could row it to a little island not far from the coast. Nobody lived there. In this way, he could escape to freedom. Question 5. Why did Dr Sadao help in the escape of the American soldier? Was it an act of treachery? Can you justify his action? Answer: Dr Sadao had given the information about the wounded American to the General.

1. In turn, the General had promised to send assassins to kill him and get rid of the body.
2. Sadao did wait for the General’s people to arrive.
3. In the back of his mind, he knew he was a doctor whose job was to save people.
4. Therefore, when the authority failed, Sadao decided to help the American escape.
5. It cannot be called an act of treachery because he had been an absolute doctor and a citizen, and more importantly, a good human being.

He did not want the person, he had served, to be killed. Question 6. Why did the messenger come to Dr Sadao? What did Hana think about it? Answer: Dr Sadao had been summoned to the palace to treat the ailing General. This relieved Hana, since she expected it to be a punishment for helping and providing refuge to an enemy.

1. As the General was ill, he could require an operation any moment.
2. Hana got very anxious to think about the consequences her family might have to face for harbouring an enemy soldier.
3. When an official in uniform knocked her door, she thought that he might have come to apprehend her husband.
4. Question 7.
5. In what context does Hana remember General Takima? What does she infer? Answer: While applying medicine to the young soldier, as Sadao operated on him, Hana wondered if the stories of torture of POWs were true.

She then remembered how General Takima ruthlessly beat his wife. Hana deduced that if General Takima could be so cruel to his wife, he could as well be extremely cruel to a prisoner. The deep red scars on the white man’s neck, confirmed her apprehension.

1. Question 8.
2. How did Dr Sadao ensure that the American soldier left his house but he himself remained safe and secure? Answer: Dr Sadao was a Japanese surgeon.
3. After treating the American war prisoner, he informed the General as a true Japanese about the soldier.
4. But as a doctor, he saved his life by providing him right treatment and helped him escape in the darkness of the night.

Question 9. Why did Hana wash the wounded soldier herself? Answer: Hana, wife of Dr Sadao, washed the wounds of the American prisoner of war herself because the domestic servants refused to do it as he was from an enemy country. They all left the doctor’s house.

• Question 10.
• How does the writer indicate that Dr Sadao’s father was a very traditional and conventional man? Answer: Dr Sadao’s father was a very traditional and conventional man.
• He believed that the islands in the distance were the stepping stones to Japan’s future.
• He was a quiet man.
• He never joked or played with his son.

His father was stern but cared a lot for his future. He believed in traditional and arranged marriages. He was proud of his nation and never used foreign goods. Everything in his room was made in Japan. He did not sit on a chair or sleep on a bed and rather slept on a mat.

• Question 11.
• What help did Dr Sadao seek from Hana while operating the wounded white man? Answer: Dr Sadao asked Hana to fetch towels.
• He asked her to help him turn the wounded soldier.
• Sadao asked Hana to administer an anaesthetic to the wounded white man, if required.
• He also asked her to soak cotton with the anaesthetic and hold it near his nostrils.

Question 12. What forced Dr Sadao to be impatient and irritable with his patient? Answer: Sadao heard Hana vomiting in the garden. The distress and inability to go out to her at once made him impatient and irritable with his patient. He was faced with the dilemma of whether he was doing the right thing in treating the patient who had caused so much inconvenience.

• Question 13.
• How did Hana react when she saw a messenger at the door in official uniform? Answer: The servants of the household had left in protest.
• Hana was working hard to do things at home, more because she was not used to working at home.
• When she saw the messenger in official uniform, her hands became weak and she could not breathe freely.

She thought the servants must have already told the Japanese army about the enemy sheltered in their house. She felt helpless and afraid. Question 14. Was Dr Sadao arrested on the charge of harbouring an enemy? Answer: No, Dr Sadao was not arrested on the charge of harbouring an enemy, since the old General himself required the services of Dr Sadao.

ft was the only reason for not sending Dr Sadao abroad with the troops. Question 15. Why does Dr Sadao mutter the words ‘My friend’ while treating the American prisoner of war? What is ironical about his words? Answer: Dr Sadao was trained to address patients as friends. Therefore, he utters the words ‘My friend’ while treating the American prisoner of war.

However, it was ironical, since the patient was from an enemy nation. Question 16. What role did the American professor play in bringing Hana and Sadao together? Answer: The American professor and his wife were kind people. They were anxious to do something for their few foreign students.

But their rooms were quite small, the food was very bad, the professor was a dull person and his wife was a silly talkative woman. At the professor’s house, he met Hana, fell in love with her and eventually married her. Question 17. What was Sadao’s father’s dream for him? How did Sadao realise it? OR What was his father’s chief concern about Dr Sadao? Answer: Sadao’s education was his father’s chief concern.

Dr Sadao realised it when he was sent to America at the age of 22 to learn all he could of surgery and medicine. Finally, he became an eminent surgeon and scientist. His father wanted him to serve Japan. Question 18. “But Sadao searching the spot of black in the twilight sea that night, had his reward”.

What was the reward? Answer: ‘The reward’ was the escape of the enemy. Despite all moral dilemma, Dr Sadao listens to his heart every time and takes the right decision and his wife, Hana gently follows him. At last, the General forgets to keep his promise, which gives Sadao an opportunity ‘ to reconsider his decision.

He gives the soldier a boat, food, bottled water and quilts, and asks him to wait for a Korean fishing boat to escape. Dr Sadao searched the spot of black in the twilight sea that night to see if the man was still there, but there was no light. Obviously the man had gone.

Question 19. Why was Dr Sadao not sent abroad along with the troops? Answer: The General considered Dr Sadao indispensable. He felt that his life could be saved only by him as he was very skilled. He also does not trust anyone except Dr Sadao. So Dr Sadao was not sent with troops. Question 20. Where, when and how did Dr Sadao meet Hana? Answer: Dr Sadao met Hana in America at a party hosted by Professor Harley for foreign students.

Question 21. In what condition did Dr Sadao find the American soldier at the seashore? Answer: While standing outside their house, Dr Sadao and his wife saw something crawl out of the sea. They rushed and found that he was a wounded prisoner of war. He was motionless with his face in the sand.

• He had suffered a gun wound on the right side of his lower back which had reopened.
• Question 22.
• Why did Dr Sadao take the man in and save him? Answer: Dr Sadao was a patriot to the core.
• The man, an American, was his enemy.
• Obviously, he did not want to save him.
• However, the man was wounded.
• Being a doctor, it was Sadao’s sacred duty to save his life, if he could.

He was trained not to let a man die, if he could help him. Obviously, Dr Sadao had to choose between his role as a private individual and as a citizen with a sense of national commitment. Dr Sadao took the man in and operated on him. He took care of the man and kept him in his house till the prisoner was on the path of recovery.

Why did Hana and Sadao save the life of the American despite of their hate?

Answer: – Dr Sadao and Hana knew that their decision to save the enemy soldier would be questioned by everyone. However, they firmly followed their sense of duty. For Dr Sadao this sense of duty came from the profession he was in; but for Hana, the duty was purely humanitarian.

• From bearing the unrest in her domestic staff to being forced to do all the chores of house-hold herself, she does all with grace and dignity.
• Hana’s loving, considerate and sympathetic nature shines out.
• She washed and fed the soldier although it was not her job.
• Her care helped recuperate the soldier fast.

It is also apparent from the story that she respected her husband, and as a sense of duty towards him, did the needful. This explains why she, even after feeling sick, comes back to the room and readily does whatever is told by her husband during the operation.

Why does doctor Sadao save the life of an enemy soldier?

Dr Sadao helped and offered treatment to the American soldier of war. This was because he was a doctor and had taken an oath to save lives. Even though the soldier was a national enemy, he served the soldier due to a doctor’s professional ethics.

How would you describe Sadao as a true doctor?

Dr.sadao was a patriotic japanese as Dr.sadao was a patriotic japanese as well as a dedicated surgeon, How could he honour both values Posted by Prabhav Upadhyay 2 years, 7 months ago Dr. Sadao Hoki was a true Japanese like his father. He was a brave boy who obeyed and respected his father and loved Japanese culture, tradition and people.

He was intelligent and hardworking and studied surgery and medicine in America for eight years. He married a Japanese girl, Hana, whom he had met in America. But he waited for his father’s approval and their marriage was arranged in the old Japanese way after they had returned home in Japan. They had two children.

He still loved his wife as warmly as ever. Dr. Sadao was an eminent surgeon as well as a scientist. The old General had full faith in him. He was not sent abroad with the troops because the old General might need an operation. Dr. Sadao was called even at odd hours from the palace.

Dr. Sadao was a real doctor. He would not let a man die if he could help him. That is why he cured even an “enemy” of bullet wound and did not hand him over to the police. He faced a great risk to his position and life by sheltering the man. Since Dr. Sadao could not kill the man himself, he sought the help of the old General to get rid of him.

When that plan failed, he let the prisoner escape in order to calm down the fears of his wife and let the household run properly. It may be a blemish from a narrow patriotic angle but a sensitive soul can’t take back what he has given. He gives the prisoner his boat and helps him to escape safely thus honoring both the values that he was a patriotic Japanese as well as a dedicated surgeon.

What message does the enemy give?

‘The Enemy’ gives the message that humanism transcends all man made prejudices and barriers. Dr. Sadao upholds the ethics of medical profession in treating an enemy. The story is a great lesson of peace, love, sympathy, fellow feeling and humanism.

How many years did Sadao stay in America?

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED – SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Q1.What do you learn about Sadao’s father from the story ‘The Enemy’? Ans. Sadao’s father was a visionary. He knew that the islands near the sea coast were the stepping stones to the future for Japan.

No one could limit their future as it depended on what they made it. His son’s education was his chief concern. He sent his son to America at the age of twenty-two to learn all that could be learned of surgery and medicine. He loved the Japanese race, customs and manners. Q2. Why was Dr Sadao being kept in Japan and not sent abroad with the troops? Ans.

Sadao was an eminent surgeon and a scientist. He was perfecting a discovery which would render wounds entirely clean. Secondly, the old General was being treated medically for a condition for which he might need an operation. Due to these two reasons Sadao was being kept in Japan and not sent abroad with the troops.

Q3. Who was Sadao’s wife? Where had he met her? Why did he wait to fall in love with her? Ans. Hana was Sadao’s wife. He had met her by chance at an American professor’s house. Professor Harley and his wife had been kind people. They held a party at their home for their few foreign students. Hana was a new student.

He waited to fall in love with her until he was sure she was Japanese. It was because his father would never have received her unless she had been pure in her race. Q4. When and where did Sadao marry Hana? How was their married life? Ans. Sadao married Hana when they returned to Japan after finishing their work at medical school.

Sadao’s father saw her. The marriage was then arranged in the old Japanese way. They had been married years enough to have two children. Their married life was quite happy. They still loved each other. Q5. ‘Both of them saw something black came out of the mists’. What did they see and how did they react to it? Ans.

It was a man who had been flung up out of the ocean, to his feet by a breaker. He staggered a few steps with his arms above his head. Then the curled mists hid him again. When they next saw him, he was on his hands and knees crawling. Then they saw him fall on his face and lie there.

1. Sadao thought that he was perhaps a fisherman who had been washed from his boat.
2. He ran quickly down the steps.
3. Hana followed him. Q6.
4. In which state did Sadao and Hana find the man? What did they learn about him? Ans.
5. The man lay motionless with his face in the sand.
6. As they turned the man’s head, they saw that he was a white man with long yellow hair.

His young face had a rough yellow beard. He was unconscious. From his battered cap they learnt that he was a sailor from an American warship. Q7. What did Sadao learn about the white man’s wound? Ans. Sadao saw that a gun-wound had been reopened on the right side of his lower back.

• The flesh was blackened with powder.
• The man had been shot recently and had not been tended.
• It was bad chance that the rock had struck the wound and reopened it. Q8.
• How can you say that Sadao’s head and hands worked in different directions? Ans.
• Sadao’s head told him to put the man back into the sea as he was an American soldier-an enemy of Japan.

His trained hands seemed, of their own will, to be doing what they could to stanch the fearful bleeding. He packed the wound with the sea-moss that strewed the beach. The bleeding was stopped for the moment. Q9.What dilemma did Sadao face about the young white man? Ans.

The white man was wounded. He needed immediate medical care. Dr Sadao could do so. But if they sheltered a white man in their house, they would be arrested. On the other hand, if they turned him over as a prisoner, he would certainly die. Dr Sadao was in a fix. It was difficult for him to come to any decision.

Q10.What was the attitude of Sadao and Hana towards the white man? Ans. They stared upon the inert figure of the white man with a curious repulsion. Both talked of putting him back into the sea, but neither of them was able to do so alone. They hesitated.

Sadao said that being American, the man was his enemy. He would have handed him over to the police if he had not been wounded. But since he was wounded He left the sentence incomplete, implying that he couldn’t do so. Q11.What solution did Hana offer to resolve Sadao’s predicament? Ans. Hana found that neither of them could throw the white man back into the sea.

There was only one thing to do. They must carry the man into their house. They must tell the servants that they intended to hand him over to the police. She reminded her husband of his position and children. It would endanger all of them if they did not give that man over as a prisoner of war.

Q12. How did Sadao and Hana take the man inside their house? Ans. Together they lifted the man. He was very light. His arms were hanging down. They carried him up the steps and into the side door of the house. This door opened into a passage. Down the passage, they carried him towards an empty bedroom. They laid the man on the deeply matted floor.

Q13. Hana took out a soft quilt from the wall cupboard. Then she hesitated. Why? What did her husband suggest? Why did she not agree? Ans. The quilt was covered with flowered silk and the lining was pure white silk. Secondly, the man was quite dirty. So Hana hesitated.

Her husband suggested that he should be washed. He offered to wash him, if she was willing to fetch water. She could not bear for him to touch the man and offered to tell Yumi, the maid, to wash him. Q14. Why did Dr Sadao had to touch the man? What did he observe? Ans. The utter pallor of the man’s unconscious face moved Dr Sadao first to stoop and feel his pulse.

It was faint but it was there. Then he put his hand against the man’s cold breast. The heart too was yet alive. He observed that the man would die unless he was operated on. Q15. Why did Hana come behind Sadao when he went out of the room quickly? Ans. Hana did not wish to be left alone with the white man.

• He was the first she had seen since she left America.
• He seemed to have nothing to do with those whom she had known there.
• Here he was her enemy, a menace, living or dead. Q16.
• How did the servants react when their master told them about the wounded white man? Ans.
• The servants were frightened and puzzled.

The old gardener told Hana that the master ought not to heal the wound of that white man. He said that the white man ought to die. First he was shot. Then the sea caught him and wounded him with her rocks. If the master healed what the gun and the sea had done, they would take revenge on them.

Q17. Why had Hana to wash the wounded man herself? Ans. Hana told Yumi to fetch hot water and bring it to the room where the white man was. Yumi put down the wooden bucket, but refused to wash the dirty white man. Hana cried at her severely. She told her to do what her master commanded her to do. The fierce look of resistance upon Yumfe dull face made Hana afraid.

Under these circumstances, Hana had no option but to wash the white man herself. Q18. How did Hana wash the wounded man? Ans. First, Hana untied the knotted rugs that kept the white man covered. When she had his breast bare, she dipped a small clean towel into the steaming hot water and washed his face carefully.

• She kept on washing him until his upper body was quite clean.
• But she dared not turn him over for fear of the wound. Q19.
• What help did Dr Sadao seek from Hana while operating the wounded white man? Ans.
• First, he asked her to fetch towels.
• Then he told her that she would have to give him the anaesthetic if he needed it.

Since, Hana had never done so, he told her that it was easy enough. He asked her to soak the cotton with anaesthetic and hold it near his nostrils. When he breathed badly, she had to move it away a little. Thus, Hana proved herself helpful to her husband.

Q20. How did Hana react to Sadao’s absorption in his work? Ans. Sadao went on with his swift concise movements. He did not seem to hear her. She was used to his absorption when he was at work. She wondered for a moment if it mattered to him what the body was upon which he worked so long as it was for the work which he did so excellently.

Q21. What did Sadao remark when he peered into the wound with his bright surgeon’s light? Ans. He remarked that the bullet was still there. He said so with cool interest. He then wondered how deep that wound was. If it was not very deep it was possible that he could get the bullet.

He observed that the bleeding was not superficial. The man had already lost much blood. Q22. What made a cool surgeon (like Dr Sadao) speak sharply to his wife? How did she react to his command? Ans. The sight of blood made Hana choke. Her face turned pale. She had never seen an operation. Dr Sadao spoke sharply and asked her not to faint.

He did not put down his exploring instrument. He argued that if he stopped then the man would surely die. Hana clapped her hands to her mouth, leaped up and ran out of the room. He heard her retching in the garden. But he went on with his work. Q23. What forced Dr Sadao to be impatient and irritable with his patient? Ans.

1. Sadao heard Hana retching in the garden and said that it would be better for her to empty her stomach.
2. He went on with his work.
3. He had forgotten that she had never seen an operation.
4. But her distress and his inability to go to her at once made him impatient and irritable with the man who lay like dead under his knife.

Q24. What instructions did Sadao give to Hana to administer the anaesthetic and when? Ans. The man was beginning to stir. Hana asked Sadao where the anaesthetic was. Sadao motioned with his chin. She now had the bottle and some cotton in her hand. Sadao instructed her to saturate the cotton with anaesthetic and hold it near the man’s nostrils.

1. She had to move it away a little when he breathed badly. Q25.
2. How did Hana react to the stories they heard of the sufferings of the prisoners of war? What made her think so? Ans.
3. These stories came like flickers of rumour, told by word of mouth.
4. They were always contradicted.
5. Hana wondered whether these stories were true.

In the newspapers the reports were that people received the Japanese armies gladly with cries of joy at their liberation. Q26. In what context does Hana remember General Takima? What does she infer? Ans. General Takima was a ruthless despot. At home he beat his wife cruelly.

1. No one mentioned it now because he had won a victory in a battle in Manchuria.
2. Hana remembers him in the context of the sufferings of the prisoners of war.
3. She infers that if a man (like General Takima) could be so cruel to a woman in his power, he would be quite cruel to a prisoner.
4. The deep red scars on the white man’s neck confirmed her apprehension.

Q27. “Ml thought left him. He felt only the purest pleasure.” Why, do you think, did Dr Sadao behave in this way? Ans. Dr Sadao was concentrating hard on locating the bullet. He felt the tip of his probing instrument strike against something hard, dangerously near the kidney.

1. He was filled with the purest pleasure at the success of his skill.
2. He thought only of curing his patient and did not answer even his wife’s query. Q28.
3. Dr Sadao was ‘familiar with every atom of this human body’.
4. Who had seen to that knowl¬edge and how? Ans.
5. It was Sadao’s old American professor of Anatomy who had seen to the perfect knowledge of human body.

He would tell his students, ‘Ignorance of the human body is the surgeon’s cardinal sin.” He would go a step further and impress upon the budding surgeons to have as complete knowledge of the body as if they had made it. To operate with anything less than that meant a murder.

Q29. Comment on Dr Sadao’s attitude to the white man in the light of the following: (i) “Sadao took up his wrist, hating the touch of it.” (ii) “But certainly I do not want this man to live.” (iii) “This man will live in spite of all.” Ans. Sadao has an ambivalent attitude towards the wounded white man.

Since he is their enemy, he hates touching his wrist. As a patriot he does not want that man to live. However, as a surgeon, he does not want the man to die after a successful operation. Hence, in order to revive his faint, feeble pulse, he gives him an injection.

• The pulse now flutters and then grows stronger.
• The survival of the man is the victory of the surgeon’s skill. Q30.
• How did Harm look after the white man? How did he react? Ans.
• Hana had to serve him herself, for none of the servants would enter the room.
• She did not like him and yet she was moved to comfort him.

She found the man quite weak and terrified. She knelt and fed him gently from the porcelain spoon. He ate unwillingly but still he ate. Q31. How did Dr Sadao respond to the boy’s query: “What are you going to do with me?Are you going to hand me over?” Ans.

1. Dr Sadao examined the boy and then told him that he did not know himself what he would do with the boy.
2. He ought to give him to the police as he was a prisoner of war. Q32.
3. What did Hana inform Sadao about the servants? How did Sadao react to it? Ans.
4. The servants felt that they could not stay there if their master sheltered the white man there any more.

They also accused them of liking Americans and of having forgotten to think of their own country first. Dr Sadao protested that it was not true. Americans were their enemies. But he had been trained not to let a man die if he could help him. Hana told him that the servants could not understand it.

Q33. ‘Somehow the household dragged on’. How did the servants behave after Sadao had operated upon the American? What opinions did they express? Ans. The servants grew more watchful day by day. Their courtesy was as careful as ever, but their eyes were cold towards Hana and Sadao. The old gardener was sore, why Sadao had not let the young man bleed when he was so near the death.

The cook remarked contemptuously that being proud of his skill to save life that he saves any life. Yumi added that they must think of the children. She enquired: “What will be their fate if their father is condemned as a traitor?” Q34. What two things happened on the seventh day after that? Ans.

In the morning the servants left together with their belongings tied in large square cotton kerchiefs. Hana paid them off gracefully and thanked them for all that they had done for her. In the afternoon, a messenger came to the door in official uniform. Q35. How did Hana react when she saw a messenger at the door in official uniform? Ans.

Hana was working hard on unaccustomed labour. When she saw the uniformed messenger, her hands went weak and she could not draw her breath. She feared that the servants must have told everything already. She thought that they had come to arrest Dr Sadao.

• Q36. Why, do you think, had the messenger come to Dr Sadao’s house? How did Hana react to the message and what did the messenger take exception to? Ans.
• The messenger had arrived there to ask Dr Sadao to come to the palace as the old General was in pain again.
• In her anxiety for her husband’s safety, Hana asked if that was all.

The messenger took exception to the word ‘all’ and enquired if that was not enough. Hana apologised for the error. Q37. Why did Dr Sadao tell the General everything about the man he had operated upon? Ans. Dr Sadao could not report the arrival of the escaped prisoner at his doorstep.

• He wanted to get rid of the man for the sake of his wife.
• He explained his position to the General.
• He did not care for that man, but since he had operated upon the man he could not kill him.
• The General praised his skill, called him indispensable and promised that he would allow nothing to happen to Dr Sadao.

Q38. Why, do you think, did the old General not want Dr Sadao to be arrested? Ans. Dr Sadao had told the General that he could stand only one more such attack as he had that day. Then he would have to be operated upon. The General wanted Dr Sadao to operate upon him.

• He had no faith in the other surgeons trained by the Germans.
• So, he would not let Dr Sadao be arrested. Q39.
• What plan did the old General suggest for getting rid of the ‘man’? Ans.
• He thought that it would be best if the white man could be quietly killed—not by the doctor, but by someone who did not know him.

He offered to send two of his private assassins any night to his home. These capable assassins would make no noise. They knew the trick of inward bleeding. They could even remove the body. Dr Sadao had to leave the outer partition of the room open and this made restless.

Q40. Why did Sadao sleep badly at night after meeting the General? Ans. Sadao woke up time and again thinking he heard the rustling of footsteps, the sound of a twig broken or a stone displaced in the garden—or any noise such as men might make who carried a burden. This went on for three nights. Every night Sadao expected the assassins to come and this made him restless.

Q41. What plan did Dr Sadao devise to get rid of the man? Ans. Dr Sadao devised the plan of letting the man escape to the nearest uninhabited island. He told the man everything. He put his boat on the shore with food and extra clothing. He advised the man to row to the little island not far from the coast.

1. He could live there till he saw a Korean fishing boat pass by. Q42.
2. How was the plan of the prisoner’s escape executed? Ans.
3. Dr Sadao had put food and bottled water in his stout boat.
4. He also put two quilts.
5. After supper, he cheked the American again.
6. He gave him his flashlight and told him to signal two flashes if he needed more food.

One signal would mean he was OK He had to signal at sunset and not in the darkness. The man was dressed in Japanese clothes and his blond head was covered with a black cloth. Q43. What did Sadao tell the General after a week? Why did he wait that long? Ans.

The General had undergone an emergency operation a week before. The gall bladder was involved. He was in critical state for twelve hours. Then he recovered slowly. After a week Sadao felt that the General was well enough to be spoken to about the prisoner. He told the General that the prisoner had escaped.

Q44. What did the General tell Dr Sadao about his promise to kill the prisoner for him? Ans. Dr Sadao did not want to disturb the General much. So he simply said that the prisoner had escaped. The General at once remembered his promise. He confessed that he had been suffering a great deal.

1. He thought of nothing but himself.
2. He forgot his promise, but it was not lack of patriotism or dereliction of duty. Q45.
3. I wonder why I could not kill him?” What makes Dr Sadao think so? Ans.
4. After the departure of the young American, Dr Sadao thinks of the other white faces he had “come across.
5. The Americans were full of prejudice and he had found it bitter to live there.

The white people were repulsive even in their kindness. It was relief to be openly at war with them. Then he remembered the youthful, haggard face of the prisoner. It was also white and repulsive. He thought it strange that he spared his enemy. He wondered why he could not kill him.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Q1. Why did Sadao Hoki go to America? What do you learn about his experiences there? Ans. Sadao’s education was his father’s chief concern. So he had been sent at twenty-two to America to leam all that could be learnt of surgery and medicine. He studied there for eight years and returned to Japan at thirty.

Before his father died, Sadao had become famous not only as a surgeon, but also as a scientist. He had had great difficulty in finding a place to live in America because he was a Japanese. The Americans were full of prejudice and it had been bitter to live in it, knowing himself to be superior to them.

An ignorant and dirty old woman at last consented to house him in her miserable home. He found her repulsive to him even in her kindness. One of his American professors and his wife were kind people. They were anxious to do something for their few foreign students. But their rooms were quite small, the food was very bad, the professor was a dull person and his wife was a silly talkative woman.

Q2. How can you say that Dr Sadao’s father was a Japanese to the core? Ans. Dr Sadao’s father had high dreams about the future of Japan. There was no limit to their future as it depended on what they made it. He never played or joked with his only son. But he spent infinite pains upon him.

• For the sake of the best possible medical education, he sent his son to America.
• Sadao met Hana there, but waited to fall in love with her until he was sure she was Japanese.
• His father would never have received her unless she had been pure in her race.
• Their marriage was arranged in the old Japanese way only after Sadao’s father had seen her when both of them had come home to Japan after finishing their education.

He was a Japanese every inch. The floor of his room was deeply matted. He would never sit on a chair or sleep in a foreign bed in his house. The quilt was covered with flowered silk and the lining was pure white silk. In short, everything here had been Japanese to please him.

• Q3. What do you learn about Dr Sadao and Harm from the story ‘The Enemy’? Ans.
• Sadao and Hana represent modem, enlightened and educated Japanese who get the benefit of American training in medical science, yet retain love and respect for their moth¬erland and its customs and traditions.
• He was an obedient and caring son who had deep regard for his father.

He married Hana only after his father had seen her. Their marriage was arranged in the old Japanese way. They were perfectly happy and had two children. Even years after their marriage they retained the same love and affection for each other. Since Japan was at war with America, they considered the Americans as their enemies.

The waves of the ocean had flung up a wounded young American to their doorstep. They wanted to put him back into the sea, but neither of them was able to do so. They brought the wounded man inside their house in spite of repulsion for him. Sadao had been trained not to let a man die if he could help him.

The ethics of the medical profession forced him to save even his enemy. His wife Hana obeyed all his commands and instructions like a child though she suffered a lot internally. Q4. What was the dilemma that Sadao faced when he saw a wounded, young white man washed to his doorstep? What solution did his wife, Hana, offer to resolve his (Sadao’s) predica¬ment? Ans.

The young white man was bleeding. He had a bullet wound on his lower back. He needed immediate medical attention. Dr Sadao, an eminent surgeon, could do so. But if they sheltered a white man in their house, they would be arrested. On the other hand, if they tinned him over as a prisoner, he would certainly die.

Neither of them could put him back into the sea and get rid of him. They were true humanist. So, they hesitated. Sadao declared that being an American, the man was his enemy. He would have handed him over to the police if he had been hale and hearty. But since he was wounded He left the sentence unfinished implying that he could not do so as he had been trained not to let a man die if he could help him.

1. Hana suggested that they must carry the man inside the house.
2. They must tell the ser¬vants that they intended to hand him over to the police.
3. She reminded her husband of his position and the children.
4. It would endanger all of them if they did not hand that man over as a prisoner of war.
5. His doubts were removed and they decided to carry the man into their house.

Q5. How did Dr Sadao take the man inside his house and try to save him? Ans. Dr Sadao and Hana lifted the man together. He was very light. His arms were hanging down. They carried him up the steps and into the side door of the house. This door opened • into a passage.

Down the passage, they carried him towards an empty bedroom. They laid the man on the deeply matted floor. The man was quite dirty, so Dr Sadao suggested that he should be washed. The utter pallor of the man’s unconscious face moved Dr Sadao first to stoop and feel his pulse. It was faint, but it was there.

Then he put his hand against the man’s cold breast. The heart too was yet alive. He observed that the man would die unless he was operated upon immediately. He left the room to bring his instruments to perform an emergency operation to save the man’s life.

1. Q6. How did the servants initially react to the presence of a white man in their masters house? Ans.
2. When Dr Sadao told the cook and the gardener about the wounded young white man, they had brought inside the house, the two servants were frightened and puzzled.
3. The * superstitious old gardener looked so annoyed that he pulled the few hairs on his upper lip.

He bluntly told Hana that the master ought not to heal the wound of that white man. He said that the white man ought to die. First he was shot. Then the sea caught him and wounded him with her rocks. If the master healed what the gun and the sea had done, they would take revenge on them.

• Even the maid, Yumi, refused to wash the man though Hana cried at her severely and told her to do what the master had commanded her to do.
• The servants seemed to be in a defiant mood.
• The fierce look of resistance upon Yumi’s dull face frightened Hana.
• She thought that the servants might report something that was not as it happened.

She main¬tained her dignity and told the maid that they wanted to bring him to his senses so that they could turn him over as a prisoner. Even this explanation failed to convince Yumi and she refused to do anything for the white man. Q7. What was the change in the mood of open defiance of their master on the part of domestic staff as time passed and the white man was kept in Dr Sadao’s house ? Ans.

• Dr Sadao not only kept the young white man at his home, but also operated upon him.
• It was the third day after the operation.
• The servants continued their open defiance of their master and did not enter the white man’s room.
• Hana served him herself.
• Hana told Sadao what the servants had conveyed through Yumi.

The domestic staff felt that they could not stay there if their. master sheltered that man any more. They accused them of having forgotten to think of their own countiy because they had lived for a long time in America. They thought that their master and mistress liked Americans.

Dr Sadao tried to clarify his position as a man and as a doctor. Hana told him that the servants could not understand this subtle distinction. “Somehow the household dragged on. The servants grew more watchful day by day. They were careful in their courtesy as ever but their eyes were cold. The old gardener was the most vocal.

He taunted that their master knew very well what he ought to do. He was sore why Sadao had not let the young man bleed when he was so near to death. The cook remarked contemptuously that the young master was so proud of his skill to save life that he saved any life.

Yumi added that they must think of the children. She enquired: “What will be their fate if their father is condemned as a traitor?” Since the white man was not handed over to the police, even after a week, all the servants left on the seventh day after that. Q8. Hana was a loving, caring, devoted and obedient wife who was quite anxious about her husband’s wellbeing, position and reputation? Discuss.

Ans. Hana is the alter ego of her husband, Dr Sadao Hoki. She has adapted herself to his ways. She knows that saving a life is a mission for him and when he is attending on his patient, he forgets everything else—even Hana herself. Even years after their marriage, they retain the same love and affection for each other.

She cared for him a lot and would not let him stand outside in the cold foggy February night. She was a bit sentimental, yet pragmatic in her approach. She was quick to judge what went on in her husband’s mind and suggested solutions. She maintained her dignity when the servants showed resistance and open defiance.

As an obedient and devoted wife, she carried out all the orders and instructions of her husband. She washed the wounded white man, gave him anaesthesia and later on food. She was worried about her husband’s safety, position and reputation. Initially, she suggested to throw the man back into the sea.

She was afraid that the servants might misreport. Her fears are exhibited clearly when a messenger in uniform arrives from the palace. In order to calm down her fears, Dr Sadao decides to get rid of the white man anyhow. In short, she is an ideal life partner. Q9. What impression do you form of Dr Sadao as a man and as a surgeon from your reading of the story ‘The Enemy’? Ans.

Dr Sadao Hoki was a true Japanese like his father. He was a brave boy who obeyed and respected his father and loved Japanese culture, tradition and people. He was intelligent and hard working and studied surgery and medicine in America for eight years.

1. He mar¬ried a Japanese girl, Hana, whom he had met in America.
2. But he waited for his father’s approval and their marriage was arranged in the old Japanese way after they had re¬turned home to Japan.
3. They had two children.
4. He still loved his wife as warmly as ever.
5. He returned home at fixed hours.
6. Dr Sadao was an eminent surgeon as well as scientist.

The old General had full faith in him. He was not sent abroad with the troops because the old General might need an operation. Dr Sadao was called even at odd hours from the palace. Dr Sadao was a real doctor. He would not let a man die if he could help him.

That is why he cured even an “enemy” of bullet wound and did not hand him over to the police. He faced a great risk to his position and life by sheltering the man. Since Dr Sadao could not kill the man himself, he sought the help of the old General to get rid of him. When that plan failed, he let the prisoner escape in order to calm down the fears of his wife and let the household run properly.

It may be a blemish from a narrow patriotic angle but a sensitive soul can’t take back what he has given. Q10. Under what circumstances did Dr Sadao let the wounded white man escape? Was it lack of national loyalty, professional ego and sentimentality, human consideration or just an attempt to save his skin? Ans.

• Hr Sadao had no love for the repulsive Americans and he considered them his enemies.
• Unfortunately, the sea-waves pushed a wounded white man to his doorstep.
• He knew that the best possible thing was to throw him back into the sea.
• He could not handover a wounded ‘enemy’ to police because he would certainly die.

Being a doctor, he could save him and not kill him. His efforts to get him removed with the help of the old General’s private assassins did not bear fruit. He was under a severe strain. His domestic servants had left him. His wife had to do unaccustomed labour and run the household.

1. Moreover, his wife was anxious about his safety.
2. They might be arrested for harbouring an enemy prisoner of war and condemned as traitors.
3. Dr Sadao let the man escape in the larger interest of professional ethics and human consideration.
4. He rose above narrow national loyalty and sentimentality.
5. He did not think of himself as the General had already assured him that no harm would be caused to him.

The matter remained unreported and closed from public eyes and ears. The servants returned after the white man had “left”. Everything became normal again. Q11. Comment on the role of the old General in the story ‘The Enemy’. Ans. The old General plays an important role in the story.

• He is being treated medically for a condition which might need an operation any time.
• Since he has full faith in Dr Sadao, he is kept back in Japan.
• Dr Sadao is indispensable to the General.
• He assures Sadao that nothing will happen to him and he will not be arrested.
• The arrival of the messenger rouses Hana’s worst fears.

She thinks that police has come to arrest her husband. Dr Sadao gets distressed at her anxiety and decides to get rid of the white man for her sake. When Dr Sadao confides in the General, the latter promises to send two of his private assassins to remove the man from the scene.

The old General has an unsual sense of humour as well as frankness and ability to admit his mistake. Dr Sadao keeps on waiting for three nights for the assassins who fail to turn up. He loses sleep and rest. Finally he lets the white man escape. When Dr Sadao tells the General that the man has escaped, the General admits that he forgot his promise.

He was suffering a great deal and thought of nothing but himself. It was careless of him but not lack of patriotism or dereliction of duty, It is his self-absorption and instinct of preserving himself that saves Dr Sadao and his family from being arrested.

Q12. The ending of the story ‘The Enemy’ epitomises the attitude of a Japanese towards Americans during the war. Elucidate. OR Comment on the ending of the story ‘The Enemy’. Ans. The ending of the story, ‘The Enemy’ is highly artistic. The old General, recovering from the operation, promises that Dr Sadao will be rewarded as he is a good man.

Dr Sadao has his reward when he finds that his prisoner has gone away safely from the island. He now recalls all the other white faces he ever came across. The professor, at whose house he met Hana, was a dull man and his wife had been a silly, talkative woman, in spite of her wish to be kind.

• His old teacher of anatomy had been insistent on ‘mercy with the knife’.
• He remembered the face of his fat and slatterly landlady whom he had despised for being ignorant and dirty.
• He remembered the difficulties he faced in finding a place to live in America because he was a Japanese.
• The Americans were full of prejudice and, it had been bitter to live in America.

He found the white people repulsive. It was a relief to be openly at war with them. Then he remembered the youthful, haggard face of the prisoner. It was also white and repulsive. He thought it strange that he spared his enemy. He is left wondering why he could not kill the white man “his enemy”.

1. Q13. Do you think the title ‘The Enemy’ is appropriate? Give reasons in support of your answer. Ans.
2. The title ‘The Enemy’ is quite appropriate and highly suggestive.
3. It focuses our attention on the wounded man who is incidentally washed ashore to the doorstep of a famous Japanese surgeon, Dr Sadao Hoki during the war.

The first reaction of the Japanese pair is typical of average, patriotic Japanese who hate their white enemies. However, the doctor in Sadao prompts him to bring the man inside his house and cure him. The doctor’s involvement with the white enemy annoys the domestic staff who show open defiance and resistance.

1. The doctor faces grave danger to his position, safety, name, fame and family by harbouring the enemy.
2. He could be condemned as a traitor and killed.
3. In spite of all the odds, the doctor finds himself emotionally unable to hand him over to the police.
4. He has no love for the man.
5. He regards him his enemy, yet he can’t kill him.

He tells the old General how he operated on the white man and saved him. The General is all praise for his skill, hopes for his own successful operation at his hand, and promises to kill the man for him. The doctor faces a lot of tension—mental, emotional and physical.

He passes sleepless nights waiting for the assassins, who never turn up. Meanwhile, ‘the enemy’ recovers and the doctor devises means to let him escape in order to get rid of him. At the end of the story he is left wondering why he could not kill that man. Q14. What was the General’s plan to get rid of the American prisoner ? Was it executed ? What traits of the General’s character are highlighted in the lesson ‘The Enemy’? Ans.

The General made a plan to get rid of the American prisoner by sending his personal assassins to kill the prisoner. He also wanted to remove the body of American prisoner from Sadao’s house. But, unfortunately he could not succeed in his attempt. The plan was i not executed.

The General could not send the assassins. The General had an unusual sense of humour as well as frankness and ability to admit his mistake. Dr. Sadao keeps on waiting for three nights for the assassins who fail to turn up. He loses his rest and sleep. Finally he lets the white man escape. When Dr. Sadao tells the General that the man has escaped, the General admits that he forgot his promise.

It was carelessness of him but not the lack of patriotism. It is his self-absorption and instinct of preserving himself that saves Dr. Sadao and his family being arrested. : NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Vistas English The Enemy

What does blood in the story the enemy Symbolise?

The quote above, however, also makes blood symbolically representative of the poison of nationalistic pride that is passed along and ‘fertilizes’ things like racism and prejudice.

Why did Dr Sadao father send him to America though he hated Americans?

Sadao knew that his education was his father’s chief concern. For this reason he had been sent at twenty-two to America to learn all that could be learned of surgery and medicine.

Why was Sadao not sent to America?

Why was Sadao not sent abroad with the troops?

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Posted by Joshua Sam Jacob 3 years, 11 months ago CBSE > Class 08 > English

1 answers

Sia ? 3 years, 11 months ago Dr. Sadao was not sent abroad with the troops because the ailing General trusted no other surgeon but Dr Sadao. He knew he could need Sadao’s medical assistance anytime. Dr. Sadao had proven himself to be a genius by his skills in surgery and by perfecting a discovery that would render wounds entirely clean.0 Thank You ANSWER

How did Dr Sadao and Hana confirm the identity of the American soldier?

↵how did Sadao and Hana come to know that the man was an American prisoner of war and n enemy? The man who had washed up was a white man and Sadao commented that there was something about him which made him seem American. It was his battered cap with the faint lettering that served as the evidence for the man’s identity, confirming him as someone who had come from the American warship.

Did Sadao remove the bullet from close to soldiers?

Sadao removed the bullet from close to soldiersa)heartb)liver lungsc). Explanation: Situation: Sadao removed the bullet from close to soldiers. Solution: Sadao’s expertise as a surgeon helped him remove the bullet from close to the soldier’s kidney. Reasoning:

When a bullet enters the body, it causes damage to the organs it passes through. The location of the bullet in the body can determine which organ has been affected. The heart, liver, lungs, and kidney are all vital organs that can be affected by a bullet wound. The proximity of the bullet to the organ can also determine the severity of the damage. In this case, the bullet was close to the soldier’s kidney, which could have caused severe damage if not removed immediately. Sadao’s experience as a surgeon enabled him to locate the bullet accurately and remove it without causing further damage to the kidney or other organs. The successful removal of the bullet from the soldier’s kidney helped save his life.

Therefore, option ‘C’ is the correct answer. Sadao removed the bullet from close to soldiersa)heartb)liver lungsc). Because the gun shot was in lower back i.e.near the kidney

Why did Dr Sadao help in the escape of the American soldier was it an act of treachery?

The Enemy Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type – Question 1. Why didn’t Sadao want to know anything about the white man? Answer: He didn’t want to know any details about the white man because he didn’t want to become emotionally involved with him. The less he knew about the white man, the better it would have been for both, him and the white man. Question 2. How is Hana’s perspective about the white man different from Yumi’s perspective? Answer: Hana sees the white man as a person who is in need of help and not as a nameless enemy who should be killed, as per Yumi. This point is central to the story because it talks about how all people are similar and that they should all be treated in a humane and respectful way. Question 3. The theme of racism is reflected in the story. Give examples. Answer: The theme of racism is reflected in the story in several ways: Because of the stress of Sadao’s father on ‘purity of race’ and traditionalism, Sadao didn’t start a relationship with Hana until he was sure that she “had been pure in her race”.

Yumi refused to touch the American or wash him before the operation. Moreover, when he left, she “cleaned the guest room thoroughly to get the white man’s smell out of it.” Sadao has strong feelings against white people. Both Sadao and Hana felt that Americans were racists. Question 4. What did Dr Sadao do to help Tom escape to freedom? Answer: Dr Sadao knew that the wounded American sailor, Tom could be arrested any time.

So he decided to help him in escaping. He decided to give his private boat with food and clothes in it. He could row it to a little island not far from the coast. Nobody lived there. In this way, he could escape to freedom. Question 5. Why did Dr Sadao help in the escape of the American soldier? Was it an act of treachery? Can you justify his action? Answer: Dr Sadao had given the information about the wounded American to the General.

In turn, the General had promised to send assassins to kill him and get rid of the body. Sadao did wait for the General’s people to arrive. In the back of his mind, he knew he was a doctor whose job was to save people. Therefore, when the authority failed, Sadao decided to help the American escape. It cannot be called an act of treachery because he had been an absolute doctor and a citizen, and more importantly, a good human being.

He did not want the person, he had served, to be killed. Question 6. Why did the messenger come to Dr Sadao? What did Hana think about it? Answer: Dr Sadao had been summoned to the palace to treat the ailing General. This relieved Hana, since she expected it to be a punishment for helping and providing refuge to an enemy.

As the General was ill, he could require an operation any moment. Hana got very anxious to think about the consequences her family might have to face for harbouring an enemy soldier. When an official in uniform knocked her door, she thought that he might have come to apprehend her husband. Question 7. In what context does Hana remember General Takima? What does she infer? Answer: While applying medicine to the young soldier, as Sadao operated on him, Hana wondered if the stories of torture of POWs were true.

She then remembered how General Takima ruthlessly beat his wife. Hana deduced that if General Takima could be so cruel to his wife, he could as well be extremely cruel to a prisoner. The deep red scars on the white man’s neck, confirmed her apprehension.

1. Question 8.
2. How did Dr Sadao ensure that the American soldier left his house but he himself remained safe and secure? Answer: Dr Sadao was a Japanese surgeon.
3. After treating the American war prisoner, he informed the General as a true Japanese about the soldier.
4. But as a doctor, he saved his life by providing him right treatment and helped him escape in the darkness of the night.

Question 9. Why did Hana wash the wounded soldier herself? Answer: Hana, wife of Dr Sadao, washed the wounds of the American prisoner of war herself because the domestic servants refused to do it as he was from an enemy country. They all left the doctor’s house.

1. Question 10.
2. How does the writer indicate that Dr Sadao’s father was a very traditional and conventional man? Answer: Dr Sadao’s father was a very traditional and conventional man.
3. He believed that the islands in the distance were the stepping stones to Japan’s future.
4. He was a quiet man.
5. He never joked or played with his son.

His father was stern but cared a lot for his future. He believed in traditional and arranged marriages. He was proud of his nation and never used foreign goods. Everything in his room was made in Japan. He did not sit on a chair or sleep on a bed and rather slept on a mat.

Question 11. What help did Dr Sadao seek from Hana while operating the wounded white man? Answer: Dr Sadao asked Hana to fetch towels. He asked her to help him turn the wounded soldier. Sadao asked Hana to administer an anaesthetic to the wounded white man, if required. He also asked her to soak cotton with the anaesthetic and hold it near his nostrils.

Question 12. What forced Dr Sadao to be impatient and irritable with his patient? Answer: Sadao heard Hana vomiting in the garden. The distress and inability to go out to her at once made him impatient and irritable with his patient. He was faced with the dilemma of whether he was doing the right thing in treating the patient who had caused so much inconvenience.

• Question 13.
• How did Hana react when she saw a messenger at the door in official uniform? Answer: The servants of the household had left in protest.
• Hana was working hard to do things at home, more because she was not used to working at home.
• When she saw the messenger in official uniform, her hands became weak and she could not breathe freely.

She thought the servants must have already told the Japanese army about the enemy sheltered in their house. She felt helpless and afraid. Question 14. Was Dr Sadao arrested on the charge of harbouring an enemy? Answer: No, Dr Sadao was not arrested on the charge of harbouring an enemy, since the old General himself required the services of Dr Sadao.

ft was the only reason for not sending Dr Sadao abroad with the troops. Question 15. Why does Dr Sadao mutter the words ‘My friend’ while treating the American prisoner of war? What is ironical about his words? Answer: Dr Sadao was trained to address patients as friends. Therefore, he utters the words ‘My friend’ while treating the American prisoner of war.

However, it was ironical, since the patient was from an enemy nation. Question 16. What role did the American professor play in bringing Hana and Sadao together? Answer: The American professor and his wife were kind people. They were anxious to do something for their few foreign students.

• But their rooms were quite small, the food was very bad, the professor was a dull person and his wife was a silly talkative woman.
• At the professor’s house, he met Hana, fell in love with her and eventually married her.
• Question 17.
• What was Sadao’s father’s dream for him? How did Sadao realise it? OR What was his father’s chief concern about Dr Sadao? Answer: Sadao’s education was his father’s chief concern.

Dr Sadao realised it when he was sent to America at the age of 22 to learn all he could of surgery and medicine. Finally, he became an eminent surgeon and scientist. His father wanted him to serve Japan. Question 18. “But Sadao searching the spot of black in the twilight sea that night, had his reward”.

What was the reward? Answer: ‘The reward’ was the escape of the enemy. Despite all moral dilemma, Dr Sadao listens to his heart every time and takes the right decision and his wife, Hana gently follows him. At last, the General forgets to keep his promise, which gives Sadao an opportunity ‘ to reconsider his decision.

He gives the soldier a boat, food, bottled water and quilts, and asks him to wait for a Korean fishing boat to escape. Dr Sadao searched the spot of black in the twilight sea that night to see if the man was still there, but there was no light. Obviously the man had gone.

• Question 19.
• Why was Dr Sadao not sent abroad along with the troops? Answer: The General considered Dr Sadao indispensable.
• He felt that his life could be saved only by him as he was very skilled.
• He also does not trust anyone except Dr Sadao.
• So Dr Sadao was not sent with troops.
• Question 20.
• Where, when and how did Dr Sadao meet Hana? Answer: Dr Sadao met Hana in America at a party hosted by Professor Harley for foreign students.

Question 21. In what condition did Dr Sadao find the American soldier at the seashore? Answer: While standing outside their house, Dr Sadao and his wife saw something crawl out of the sea. They rushed and found that he was a wounded prisoner of war. He was motionless with his face in the sand.

He had suffered a gun wound on the right side of his lower back which had reopened. Question 22. Why did Dr Sadao take the man in and save him? Answer: Dr Sadao was a patriot to the core. The man, an American, was his enemy. Obviously, he did not want to save him. However, the man was wounded. Being a doctor, it was Sadao’s sacred duty to save his life, if he could.

He was trained not to let a man die, if he could help him. Obviously, Dr Sadao had to choose between his role as a private individual and as a citizen with a sense of national commitment. Dr Sadao took the man in and operated on him. He took care of the man and kept him in his house till the prisoner was on the path of recovery.

Why did Dr Sadao servants leave his service?

The servants did not approve of Dr Sadao’s generosity who was trying to give an American a new lease of life. They thought Dr Sadao was doing a treacherous act by helping the enemy, so their patriotic feelings made them leave Dr Sadao’s house.

Why did the general spare the American soldier?

He promised to get the soldier killed secretly but he failed in his promise. He could not take any action due to seriousness of his illness and forget all about him. Thus the General spared the life of the American soldier.

Did Sadao remove the bullet from close to soldiers?

Sadao removed the bullet from close to soldiersa)heartb)liver lungsc). Explanation: Situation: Sadao removed the bullet from close to soldiers. Solution: Sadao’s expertise as a surgeon helped him remove the bullet from close to the soldier’s kidney. Reasoning:

When a bullet enters the body, it causes damage to the organs it passes through. The location of the bullet in the body can determine which organ has been affected. The heart, liver, lungs, and kidney are all vital organs that can be affected by a bullet wound. The proximity of the bullet to the organ can also determine the severity of the damage. In this case, the bullet was close to the soldier’s kidney, which could have caused severe damage if not removed immediately. Sadao’s experience as a surgeon enabled him to locate the bullet accurately and remove it without causing further damage to the kidney or other organs. The successful removal of the bullet from the soldier’s kidney helped save his life.

Therefore, option ‘C’ is the correct answer. Sadao removed the bullet from close to soldiersa)heartb)liver lungsc). Because the gun shot was in lower back i.e.near the kidney

Jack Gloop